DESIRABLE SPECIFICATIONS FOR TOTAL ERROR, IMPRECISION, AND BIAS, DERIVED FROM BIOLOGIC VARIATION

This most recent and extensive listing of biologic goals has been provided by Ricos C, Alvarez V, Cava F, Garcia-Lario JV, Hernandez A, Jimenez CV, Minchinela J, Perich C, Simon M. "Current databases on biologic variation: pros, cons and progress." Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1999;59:491-500. These data were updated with new data from 2008: see what was updated here.

Annex I, Part I: Within-subject and between-subject CV values of analytes and Desirable Analytical Quality Specifications for imprecision, bias and total error

	Analyte	Biological Variation		Desirable specification
		CVw	CVg	I(%)	B(%)	TE(%)
S-	11-Desoxycortisol	21.3	31.5	10.7	9.5	27.1
S-	17-Hydroxyprogesterone	19.6	52.4	9.8	14.0	30.2
S-	5'Nucleotidase	11.3	12.6	5.7	4.2	13.6
U-	5'-Hidroxiindolacetate, concentration, 24 h	20.3	33.2	10.2	9.7	26.5
S-	a1-Acid Glycoprotein	11.3	24.9	5.7	6.8	16.2
S-	a1-Antichymotrypsin	13.5	18.3	6.8	5.7	16.8
S-	a1-Antitrypsin	5.9	16.3	3.0	4.3	9.2
S-	a1-Globulins	11.4	22.6	5.7	6.3	15.7
U-	a1-Microglobulin, concentration, first morning	33.0	58.0	16.5	16.7	43.9
P-	a2-Antiplasmin	6.2	---	3.1	---	---
S-	a2-Globulins	10.3	12.7	5.2	4.1	12.6
S-	a2-Macroglobulin	3.4	18.7	1.7	4.8	7.6
U-	a2-Microglobulin output, overnight	29.0	32.0	14.5	10.8	34.7
S-	a-Amylase	8.7	28.3	4.4	7.4	14.6
S-	a-Amylase (pancreatic)	11.7	29.9	5.9	8.0	17.7
U-	a-Amylase concentration, random	94.0	46.0	47.0	26.2	103.7
S-	a-Carotene	35.8	65.0	17.9	18.6	48.1
S-	a-Fetoprotein(non hepatic carcinoma)	12.0	46.0	6.0	11.9	12.8
S-	a-Tocopherol	13.8	15.0	6.9	5.1	16.5
S-	Acid phosphatase (ACP)	8.9	8.0	4.5	3.0	10.3
S-	Acid phosphatase tartrate-resistant (TR-ACP)	8.0	13.3	4.0	3.9	10.5
S-	Acid phosphatase prostatic activity (PAP)	33.8	---	16.9	---	---
P-	Activated partial thromboplastine time	2.7	8.6	1.4	2.3	4.5
S-	Acyl/free carnitine	10.4	27.2	5.2	7.3	15.9
P-	Adiponectin	18.8	51.2	9.4	13.6	29.1
S-	Adenosine deaminase (ADA)	11.7	25.5	5.9	7.0	16.7
S-	Alanine aminopeptidase	4.1	---	2.1	---	---
S-	Alanine aminotransferase	24.3	41.6	12.2	12.0	32.1

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	Analyte	Biological Variation		Desirable specification
		CVw	CVg	I(%)	B(%)	TE(%)
S-	Albumin	3.1	4.2	1.6	1.3	3.9
U-	Albumin, concentration, first morning	36.0	55.0	18.0	16.4	46.1
S-	Aldosterone	29.4	40.1	14.7	12.4	36.7
U-	Aldosterone, concentration	32.6	39.0	16.3	12.7	39.6
S-	Alkaline phosphatase	6.4	24.8	3.2	6.4	11.7
S-	Alkaline phosphatase, bone isoform	6.2	35.6	3.1	9.0	14.1
S-	Alkaline phosphatase, liver	10.0	27.0	5.0	7.2	15.4
S-	Alkaline phosphatase, placental	19.1	---	9.6	---	---
U-	Ammonia, output	24.7	27.3	12.4	9.2	29.6
S-	Amyloid A	25.0	61.0	12.5	16.5	37.1
S-	Androstendione	11.1	51.1	5.6	13.1	22.2
P-	Angiotensin converting enzyme	0.1	---	0.1	---	---
P-	Antithrombin III	5.2	15.3	2.6	4.0	8.3
S-	Apolipoprotein A1	6.5	13.4	3.3	3.7	9.1
S-	Apolipoprotein B	6.9	22.8	3.5	6.0	11.6
S-	Ascorbic Acid	26.0	31.0	13.0	10.1	31.6
S-	Aspartate aminotransferase	11.9	17.9	6.0	5.4	15.2
S-	b2-Microglobulin	5.9	15.5	3.0	4.1	9.0
S-	Basophile, count	28.0	54.8	14.0	15.4	38.5
S-	b-Carotene	36.0	39.7	18.0	13.4	43.1
S-	b-Criptoxantin	36.7	---	18.4	---	---
S-	b-Globulins	10.1	9.1	5.1	3.4	11.7
S-	Bilirubin total	23.8	39.0	11.9	11.4	31.1
S-	Bilirubin conjugated	36.8	43.2	18.4	14.2	44.5
S-	CA 125 antigen	24.7	54.6	12.4	15.0	35.4
S-	CA 15.3 antigen	6.2	62.9	3.1	15.8	20.9
S-	CA 19.9 antigen	16.0	102.0	8.0	25.8	39.0
S-	CA 549 antigen	9.1	33.4	4.6	8.7	16.2

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	Analyte	Biological Variation		Desirable specification
		CVw	CVg	I(%)	B(%)	TE(%)
S-	Calcium	1.9	2.8	1.0	0.8	2.4
U-	Calcium, concentration, 24h	27.6	36.6	13.8	11.5	34.2
U-	Calcium, ionized	1.7	2.2	0.9	0.7	2.1
U-	Calcium, output, 24h	26.2	27.0	13.1	9.4	31.0
S-	Carbohydrate deficient transferrin	7.1	38.7	3.6	9.8	15.7
S-	Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)	12.7	55.6	6.4	14.3	24.7
B-	CD4 lymphocyte count	25.0	---	12.5	---	---
S-	Ceruloplasmin	5.8	11.1	2.9	3.1	7.9
S-	Chloride	1.2	1.5	0.6	0.5	1.5
S-	Cholesterol	5.4	15.2	2.7	4.0	8.5
S-	Cholinesterase	7.0	10.4	3.5	3.1	8.9
S-	Cholinesterase, catalitic activity	5.4	10.3	2.7	2.9	7.4
S-	Cholinesterase, immunoreactive	6.4	---	3.2	---	---
S-	C3 complement	5.2	15.6	2.6	4.1	8.4
S-	C4 complement	8.9	33.4	4.5	8.6	16.0
P-	Copper	8.0	19.0	4.0	5.2	11.8
S-	Copper	4.9	13.6	2.5	3.6	7.7
S-	Cortisol	20.9	45.6	10.5	12.5	29.8
S-	C Peptide	9.3	13.3	4.7	4.1	11.7
S-	C-Propeptide type I procollagen	8.2	17.6	4.1	4.9	11.6
S-	C-Reactive protein	42.2	76.3	21.1	21.8	56.6
U-	C-Telopeptide type I collagen (s-CTx)	9.6	30.6	4.8	8.0	15.9
U-	C-Telopeptide type I collagen/creatinine, first urine	32.8	48.0	16.4	14.5	41.6
U-	C-Telopeptide type I collagen/creatinine, 2nd morning	23.4	---	11.7	---	---
S-	Creatine kinase (CK)	22.8	40.0	11.4	11.5	30.3
S-	Creatine kinase MB, %	6.9	48.2	3.45	12.17	17.87
S-	Creatine kinase MB, activity	19.7	24.3	9.9	7.8	24.1
S-	Creatine kinase MB, mass	18.4	61.2	9.2	16.0	31.2
S-	Creatinine	5.3	14.2	2.7	3.8	8.2
Patient-	Creatinine clearence	13.6	13.5	6.8	4.8	16.0
U-	Creatinine, concentration	24.0	24.5	12.0	8.6	28.4
U-	Creatinine, output, 24h	11.0	23.0	5.5	6.4	15.4
S-	Cyfra 21.1	22.5	31.1	11.3	9.6	28.2
S-	Cystastin C	4.6	13.0	2.3	3.4	7.2
P-	Cysteine	5.9	12.3	3.0	3.4	8.3
U-	δ-aminolevulinic acid	16.0	27.0	8.0	7.8	21.0

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	Analyte	Biological Variation		Desirable specification
		CVw	CVg	I(%)	B(%)	TE(%)
S-	Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate	4.2	29.3	2.1	7.4	10.9
U-	Deoxipyridinoline/creatinine, 24h	13.5	17.6	6.8	5.5	16.7
U-	Deoxipyridinoline/creatinine, first morning	13.1	19.0	6.6	5.8	16.6
U-	Deoxipyridinoline/minute	26.5	35.7	13.3	11.1	33.0
P-	Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (ACE)	8.2	14.5	4.1	4.2	10.9
S-	Dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (ACE)	12.5	27.7	6.3	7.6	17.9
P-	Elastase-Pl	13.6	16.4	6.8	5.3	16.5
S-	Endotelial growth factor	10.7	47.6	5.4	12.2	21.0
B-	Eosinophils, count	21.0	76.4	10.5	19.8	37.1
(B)Plat-	Epinephrine	25.3	---	12.7	---	---
P-	Epinephrine	48.3	---	24.2	---	---
B-	Erythrocytes, count	3.2	6.1	1.6	1.7	4.4
B-	Erythrocyte distribution wide	3.5	5.7	1.8	1.7	4.6
U-	Estradiol	30.4	---	15.2	---	---
S-	Estradiol	18.1	19.7	9.1	6.7	21.6
P-	Factor V coagulation	3.6	---	1.8	---	---
P-	Factor VII coagulation	6.8	19.4	3.4	5.1	10.7
P-	Factor VIII coagulation	4.8	19.1	2.4	4.9	8.9
P-	Factor X coagulation	5.9	---	3.0	---	---
S-	Ferritin	14.2	15.0	7.1	5.2	16.9
P-	Fibrinogen	10.7	15.8	5.4	4.8	13.6
(B)Erthry-	Folate	12.0	66.0	6.0	16.8	26.7
S-	Folate	24.0	73.0	12.0	19.2	39.0
S-	Follicle stimulating hormone (males)	8.7	18.0	4.4	5.0	12.2
S-	Free carnitine	7.6	15.2	3.8	4.2	10.5
S-	Free estradiol	22.8	---	11.4	---	---
U-	Free estradiol	38.6	---	19.3	---	---
S-	Free testosterone	9.3	---	4.7	---	---
U-	Free testosterone	51.7	---	25.9	---	---
S-	Free thyroxine (FT4)	7.6	12.2	3.8	3.6	9.9
S-	Free Triiodothyronine (FT3)	7.9	---	4.0	---	---
S-	Fructosamine	3.4	5.9	1.7	1.7	4.5
S-	Galactosy hydroxylisine	11.8	25.8	5.9	7.1	16.8
S-	g-Globulins	14.6	12.3	7.3	4.8	16.8
S-	g-glutamyltransferase	13.8	41.0	6.9	10.8	22.2
S-	Globulins, total	5.5	12.9	2.8	3.5	8.0
S-	Glucose	5.7	6.9	2.9	2.2	6.9
(B)Erythr-	Glucose-6-phosphate-1-dehydrogenase	32.8	31.8	16.4	11.4	38.5
B - spot	Glucose-6-phosphate-1-dehydrogenase	7.3	10.3	3.7	3.2	9.2
S-	Glutathione peroxidase	7.2	21.7	3.6	5.7	11.7
S-	Glycated albumin	5.2	10.3	2.6	2.9	7.2
S-	Glycated total protein	0.9	11.6	0.5	2.9	3.7
P, S-	Haptoglobin	20.4	36.4	10.2	10.4	27.3
B-	Hematocrit	2.8	6.4	1.4	1.7	4.1
B-	Hemoglobin	2.8	6.6	1.4	1.8	4.1
B-	Hemoglobin A1 C	3.4	5.1	1.7	1.5	4.3
S-	HDL cholesterol	7.1	19.7	3.6	5.2	11.1
S-	HDL 1 cholesterol	5.5	27.2	2.8	6.9	11.5
S-	HDL 2 cholesterol	15.7	40.7	7.9	10.9	23.9
S-	HDL 3 cholesterol	7.0	14.3	3.5	4.0	9.8
P-	Homocysteine	9.0	40.3	4.5	10.3	17.7
S-	Hydroxiproline/creatinine	25.9	38.0	13.0	11.5	32.9
U-	Hydroxiproline/minute, night urine	36.1	38.8	18.1	13.2	43.0
S-	Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase	8.8	---	4.4	---	---

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	Analyte	Biological Variation		Desirable specification
		CVw	CVg	I(%)	B(%)	TE(%)
S-	Immunoglobulin A	5.4	35.9	2.7	9.1	13.5
S-	Immunoglobulin G	4.5	16.5	2.3	4.3	8.0
S-	Immunoglobulin M	5.9	47.3	3.0	11.9	16.8
S-	Immunoglobulins K chain	4.8	15.3	2.4	4.0	8.0
S-	Immunoglobulins l chain	4.8	18.0	2.4	4.7	8.6
S-	Insulin	21.1	58.3	10.6	15.5	32.9
S-	Intercellular adhesion molecule-1	1.9	21.0	1.0	5.3	6.8
(B)Leuc-	Interferon receptor	14.0	20.0	7.0	6.1	17.7
S-	Interleukin-1B	30.0	36.0	15.0	11.7	36.5
S-	Interleukin-8	24.0	31.0	12.0	9.8	29.6
S-	Iron	26.5	23.2	13.3	8.8	30.7
B-	Lactate	27.2	16.7	13.6	8.0	30.4
S-	Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)	8.6	14.7	4.3	4.3	11.4
S-	Lactate dehydrogenase 1 isoform (LDH1)	6.3	10.2	3.2	3.0	8.2
S-	Lactate dehydrogenase 2 isoform (LDH2)	4.9	4.3	2.5	1.6	5.7
S-	Lactate dehydrogenase 3 isoform (LDH3)	4.8	5.5	2.4	1.8	5.8
S-	Lactate dehydrogenase 4 isoform (LDH4)	9.4	9.0	4.7	3.3	11.0
S-	Lactate dehydrogenase 5 isoform (LDH5)	12.4	13.4	6.2	4.6	14.8
P-	Lactoferrin	11.8	23.7	5.9	6.6	16.4
P-	Leukocytes, count	10.9	19.6	5.5	5.6	14.6
S-	LDL Cholesterol	8.3	25.7	4.2	6.8	13.6
S-	LDL Cholesterol (direct)	6.5	---	3.3	---	---
P-	LDL Cholesterol (oxidized)	21.0	50.0	10.5	13.6	30.9
S-	LDL receptor mRNA	21.5	13.6	10.8	6.4	24.1
B-	Leukocytes count	10.9	19.6	5.5	5.6	14.6
S-	Lipase	23.1	33.1	11.6	10.1	29.1
S-	Lipoprotein (a)	8.5	85.8	4.3	21.6	28.6
S-	Lutein	19.5	21.0	9.8	7.2	23.3
S-	Luteinizing hormone	14.5	27.8	7.3	7.8	19.8
S-	Lycopenene	40.1	33.0	20.1	---	---
B-	Lymphocytes, count	10.4	27.8	5.2	7.4	16.0
B-	Lymphocytes CD4	25.0	---	12.5	---	---

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	Analyte	Biological Variation		Desirable specification
		CVw	CVg	I(%)	B(%)	TE(%)
(B)Erythr-	Magnesium	5.6	11.3	2.8	3.2	7.8
(B)Leuc-	Magnesium	18.3	16.4	9.2	6.1	21.2
S-	Magnesium	3.6	6.4	1.8	1.8	4.8
U-	Magnesium, concentration, 24h	45.4	37.4	22.7	14.7	52.2
U-	Magnesium, ionized	1.9	5.1	1.0	1.4	2.9
U-	Magnesium, output, 24h	38.3	37.6	19.2	13.4	45.0
(B)Erythr-	Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (HCM)	1.6	5.2	0.8	1.4	2.7
(B)Erythr-	Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)	1.7	2.8	0.9	0.8	2.2
(B)Erythr-	Mean corpuscular volume (MCV)	1.3	4.8	0.7	1.2	2.3
(B)Plat-	Mean platelet volume (MPV)	4.3	8.1	2.2	2.3	5.8
B-	Monocytes, count	17.8	49.8	8.9	13.2	27.9
S-	Mucinous carcinoma-associated antigen (MCA)	10.1	39.3	5.1	10.1	18.5
S-	Myoglobin	13.9	29.6	7.0	8.2	19.6
U-	N-Acetyl Glucosaminidase, concentration, overnight	48.6	18.4	24.3	13.0	53.1
B-	Neutrophyles, count	16.1	32.8	8.1	9.1	22.4
U-	Nitrogen, output	13.9	24.2	7.0	7.0	18.4
S-	Non-inhibited arilestearase activity	3.8	37.2	1.9	9.3	12.5
B(Plat)-	Norepinephrine	9.5	---	4.8	---	---
P-	Norepinephrine	19.5	---	9.8	---	---
U-	N- Telopeptide type I collagen /creatinine, first urine	17.2	44.8	8.6	12.0	26.2
S-	N-terminal (NT)-proBNP	17.2	28.8	8.6	8.4	22.6
S-	Osmolality	1.3	1.2	0.7	0.4	1.5
S-	Osteocalcin (+1 trab)	7.2	27.0	3.6	7.0	12.9
U-	Oxalate, concentration	44.0	18.0	22.0	11.9	48.2
U-	Oxalate, output	42.5	19.9	21.3	11.7	46.8

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	Analyte	Biological Variation		Desirable specification
		CVw	CVg	I(%)	B(%)	TE(%)
B-	pCO2	4.8	5.3	2.4	1.8	5.7
B-	pH [H+]	3.5	2.0	1.8	1.0	3.9
B-	pH (pH units)	0.2	---	0.1	---	---
S-	Paraoxon	13.4	84.0	6.7	21.3	32.3
S-	Paraoxonase 1 substrate inhibition (PON 4SI)	3.9	80.1	1.9	20.0	23.2
S-	Paraoxonase activity (salt estimulated)	8.0	86.4	4.0	21.7	28.3
S-	Phosphate	8.5	9.4	4.3	3.2	10.2
U-	Phosphate, concentration	26.4	26.5	13.2	9.4	31.1
U-	Phosphate, output	18.0	22.6	9.0	7.2	22.1
Patient-	Phosphate tubular reabsorption	2.7	3.3	1.4	1.1	3.3
S-	Phospholipids	6.5	11.1	3.3	3.2	8.6
P-	Plasminogen	7.7	---	3.9	---	---
B-	Platelets, count	9.1	21.9	4.6	5.9	13.4
B-	Platelet distribution wide	2.8	---	1.4	---	---
B-	Plateletcrit	11.9	---	6.0	---	---
U-	Porphobilinogen	17.0	31.0	8.5	8.8	22.9
U-	Porphyrins	40.0	---	20.0	---	---
(B)Leuc-	Potassium	13.6	13.4	6.8	4.8	16.0
S-	Potassium	4.8	5.6	2.4	1.8	5.8
U-	Potassium, concentration	27.1	23.2	13.6	8.9	31.3
U-	Potassium, output	24.4	22.2	12.2	8.2	28.4
S-	Prealbumin	10.9	19.1	5.5	5.5	14.5
S-	Procollagen type 1 C-terminal	7.8	---	3.9	---	---
S-	Procollagen type 1 N-terminal	6.8	18.4	3.4	4.9	10.5
S-	Prolactin (men)	6.9	61.2	3.5	15.4	21.1
P-	Prolyl endopeptidase	16.8	13.9	8.4	5.5	19.3
S-	Properdin factor B	9.5	11.2	4.7	3.7	11.5
S-	Prostatic specific antigen (PSA)	18.1	72.4	9.1	18.7	33.6
S-	Protein C	5.8	55.2	2.9	13.9	18.7
P-	Protein S	5.8	63.4	2.9	15.9	20.7
U-	Protein, concentration, 24h	39.6	17.8	19.8	10.9	43.5
U-	Protein, output	35.5	23.7	17.8	10.7	40.0
S-	Protein, total	2.7	4.0	1.4	1.2	3.4
P-	Prothrombin time	4.0	6.8	2.0	2.0	5.3
U-	Pyridinoline/creatinine, morning spot	8.7	17.6	4.4	4.9	12.1
B-	Pyruvate	15.2	13.0	7.6	5.0	17.5
B-	Red cell distribution wide (RDW)	3.5	5.7	1.8	1.7	4.6
S-	Reticulocyte highly fluorescent, count	10.0	62.0	5.0	15.7	24.0
S-	Reticulocyte low fluorescent, count	1.6	4.9	0.8	1.3	2.6
S-	Reticulocyte medium fluorescent, count	13.0	33.0	6.5	8.9	19.6
S-	Reticulocyte, count	11.0	29.0	5.5	7.8	16.8
P-	Retinol	6.2	21.0	3.1	5.5	10.6
S-	Retinol	13.6	19.0	6.8	5.8	17.1
S-	Rheumatoid factor	8.5	24.5	4.3	6.5	13.5

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	Analyte	Biological Variation		Desirable specification
		CVw	CVg	I(%)	B(%)	TE(%)
S-	SCC antigen	39.4	35.7	19.7	13.3	45.8
P-	Selenium	12.0	14.0	6.0	4.6	14.5
B-	Selenium	12.0	12.0	6.0	4.2	14.1
Semen-	Semen, concentration	26.8	56.4	13.4	15.6	37.7
Semen-	Semen, morphology	19.6	44.0	9.8	12.0	28.2
Semen-	Semen, progressive motility	15.2	32.8	7.6	9.0	21.6
Semen-	Semen, progressive rapid motility	18.8	51.8	9.4	13.8	29.3
Semen-	Semen, total motility	18.4	29.8	9.2	8.8	23.9
Semen-	Semen, vitality	10.3	25.8	5.2	6.9	15.4
S-	Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG)	12.1	42.7	6.1	11.1	21.1
(B)Erythr-	Sodium	1.8	12.4	0.9	3.1	4.6
(B)Leuc-	Sodium	51.0	36.4	25.5	15.7	57.7
S-	Sodium	0.7	1.0	0.4	0.3	0.9
S-	Sodium Bicarbonate	4.8	4.7	2.4	1.7	5.6
Sweat-	Sodium Chloride	15.0	25.0	7.5	7.3	19.7
U-	Sodium, concentration, 24 h.	24.0	26.8	12.0	9.0	28.8
U-	Sodium output, 24 h.	28.7	16.7	14.4	8.3	32.0
P-	Soluble CD163	9.0	35.9	4.5	9.3	16.7
S-	Soluble CD163	4.5	4.5	2.3	1.6	5.3
S-	Superoxide dismutase	17.1	10.5	8.6	5.0	19.1
(B)Erythr-	Superoxide dismutase	12.3	4.9	6.2	3.3	13.5
S-	Testosterone	9.3	23.7	4.7	6.4	14.0
Saliva-	Testosterone	17.3	28.8	8.7	8.4	22.7
U-	Testosterone	25.0	---	12.5	---	---
S-	Thyroglobulin	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.3
S-	Thyroglobulin antibody	8.5	82.0	4.3	20.6	27.6
S-	Thyroid peroxidase antibody	11.3	147.0	5.7	36.9	46.2
S-	Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)	19.3	19.7	9.7	6.9	22.8
S-	Thyrotropin receptor antibody	4.8	---	2.4	---	---
S-	Thyroxine binding globulin (TBG)	4.4	12.6	2.2	3.3	7.0
S-	Thyroxine (T4)	4.9	10.9	2.5	3.0	7.0
S-	Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA)	28.7	40.4	14.4	12.4	36.1
S-	Tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS)	36.1	108.0	18.1	28.5	58.3
S-	Total carnitine	7.7	13.8	3.9	4.0	10.3
U-	Total catecolamines, concentration, 24h	24.0	32.0	12.0	10.0	29.8
U-	Total porphyrins	40.0	---	20.0	---	---
S-	Transferrin	3.0	4.3	1.5	1.3	3.8
S-	Triglyceride	20.9	37.2	10.5	10.7	27.9
S-	Triiodothyronine (T3)	8.7	17.2	4.4	4.8	12.0
S-	Tumor Necrosis Factor-a	43.0	29.0	21.5	13.0	48.4
S-	Urate	9.0	17.6	4.5	4.9	12.4
U-	Urate, concentration, 24h	24.7	22.1	12.4	8.3	28.7
U-	Urate, output, 24h	18.5	14.4	9.3	5.0	21.1
S-	Urea	12.3	18.3	6.2	5.5	15.7
U-	Urea, concentration, 24h	22.7	25.9	11.4	8.6	27.3
U-	Urea, output, 24h	17.4	25.4	8.7	7.7	22.1
U-	Vanilmandelic Acid concentration, 24h	22.2	47.0	11.1	13.0	31.3
S-	Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1	5.2	16.0	2.6	4.2	8.5
S-	Vascular endotelial growth factor	14.1	28.8	7.1	8.0	19.6
P-	Vitamin B1	4.8	12.0	2.4	3.2	7.2
B-	Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)	5.8	10.0	2.9	2.9	7.7
(B)Eryth-	Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)	6.4	11.0	3.2	3.2	8.5
(B)Eryth-	Vitamin B2 status (gluthation reductase activation)	5.2	40.0	2.6	10.1	14.4
(B)Eryth-	Vitamin B12	15.0	69.0	7.5	17.7	30.0
(B)Eryth-	Vitamin B6	14.0	24.0	7.0	6.9	18.5
B-	Vitamin B6	20.0	34.0	10.0	9.9	26.4
(B)Eryth-	Vitamin B6 status (AST activation)	1.4	44.0	0.7	11.0	12.2
(B)Eryth-	Vitamin E (a-Tocopherol)	7.6	21.0	3.8	5.6	11.9
(B)Eryth-	Vitamin K (Phylloquinone)	38.0	44.0	19.0	14.5	45.9
S-	VLDL Cholesterol	27.6	---	13.8	---	---
P-	Von Willebrand factor	0.001	28.3	0.0005	7.1	7.1
P-	Von Willebrand factor antigen	5.0	18.0	2.5	4.7	8.8
S-	Water	3.1	0.1	1.6	0.8	3.3
S-	Zeaxanthine	34.7	---	17.4	---	---
S-	Zinc	9.3	9.4	4.7	3.3	11.0
P-	Zinc	11.0	14.0	5.5	4.5	13.5

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